Overcoming obstacles and finding new paths – examples on how study dreams can become true

Pablo Santur compiles five stories with unreal challenges students faced to study in Oulu.

We are living an extraordinary time, facing a worldwide challenge that demands us to follow the rules, stay at home, and not gather with friends. It is difficult to remain focused when the landscape is uncertain, giving us no clue of what is coming next. But previously I have faced many similar times, and I guess you have, too. 

For me, the most challenging decision I had to make was to leave South America and come to Oulu, a place that I had no ties with. No friends, relatives or even acquaintances. Zero.

I came here following the dream of studying in one of the best educational systems, and the principle of Finnish society granting equal education opportunities for everyone. From where I come from, that is not taken for granted. Despite many beautiful things Peru offers, good public education and equal opportunities are not among them. It is a hierarchical society, where private education is valued and expensive. Knowing that, my parents paid for my education. They also had a dream of all their children becoming professionals.

It was not easy to come to Oulu. First, I had to embrace the idea of leaving my parents, friends, and the life I had built at that point, and also to save the money needed to live here for a couple of years. A climate crisis in Peru in early 2017 and an accident made the journey more exciting but not less challenging. 

When talking about my experiences with my classmates and other students I found similar stories. In some cases, they faced obstacles way tougher. 

When an interviewee requested to remain anonymous, I created a pseudonym for them. So, you can identify them with this symbol (*).

Life is about creating yourself

Everything we have achieved was by trial and error: walking, completing a video game, or riding a bicycle. If we have mastered something, either injuries, embarrassments, or discouragements were involved in it; and perseverance was a keyword when sticking to our goals and when we kept pursuing them. Perseverance was also a keyword for our interviewees.

Miikka Enbuske dreamed of joining the International Business Management program since 2008. After his first application received a negative response, he gained admission to a university of applied sciences. However, every year he kept applying to the same program. Although the answer remained the same, “we regret to inform you…”, Miikka still had the feeling that he could perform well. He only needed to get in. However, many years had to pass by before he was able to do it.

“Getting accepted to the program was the easiest step, challenges started after that. The main ones were paying the tuition fees and the residency permit.”

On the other side, Abdul Kur(*), a master student of Learning, Education and Technology (LET), had a totally different experience.

“Getting accepted to the program was the easiest step, challenges started after that. The main ones were paying the tuition fees and the residency permit.” 

The economy of his home country was collapsing, and the currency was losing value rapidly. However, he remained committed to the idea of starting his studies on time. 

“I was sure that if I didn’t manage to start my higher education abroad then, it would be impossible in the near future, so I tried my best to overcome the challenges.”

To face such a daunting situation is not easy. After getting rejected the easiest step would be to quit. Just forget the thing and jump to something else. But, on the other side, those challenges could also be understood as a way to demonstrate our commitment to the goal.

Miikka had one child, a second one coming, and a job, but he was still convinced that university would change his life, and he persisted. 

Likewise, Abdul got two jobs and started his own small handicraft venture, all to get the money he needed.

”I and a friend were making fancy paper bags. We bought the paper waste from a paper-box factory, used it to produce the bags, and then sell them to gift shops.”

Don’t count your chickens before they hatch

Rohit Mishra and Taslima Uddin(*) were also thinking about Oulu to follow their studies in Education and Architecture, respectively. With a background in engineering and many years as an educator, Rohit found the LET program was the best fit for him for including both self-regulation theories and technology-enhanced learning. By her side, Talisma was looking to dive deeper into architecture as well as a closer contact to nature. 

“Since I began my professional studies, different styles of architecture were an inspiration to travel. Finland was a great choice as the architecture here is quite contrasting to what I am used to practicing in Southeast Asia.”

“I felt trapped in a phase and I couldn’t get myself out.”

Considering their dreams, they both became extremely happy after receiving their acceptance letters. So, they started to plan their lives in Oulu, without expecting the bad news about to come. 

As Rohit explains: “After getting admission, I started the process of the residence permit (RP) quite late, thinking it won’t take much time. I quit my job and accepted the offered housing, bought flight tickets, and started other processes before thinking about RP. A terrible mistake.”

For Taslima, the shock of such a defining moment also had emotional and practical consequences. As she explains: “I quit my job because I knew I was about to leave, so being unemployed turned out to add more stress to the situation. I had all the time in the world at hand but nothing to do or plan, as I could have received the decision any day and fly out the next morning. I felt trapped in a phase and I couldn’t get myself out.”

So, both Rohit and Taslima had to deal with something beyond their control. Setting up their plans for years, just to fall so close from the top of the mountain they were about to conquer. A little bit further in the journey, Masud Mohamed(*) faced a similar situation that he was not able to foresee. He was in Egypt, in his hometown, in 2013, when the military coup took place. Witnessing the injustice and the feeling of helplessness pushed him to look for new horizons abroad. 

Three years later, already as a master student in environmental engineering, he thought the crisis was gone, but one night it suddenly struck back. 

“It happened three months after I came to Finland. I had all my savings in Egyptian pounds (EGP) because it was nearly impossible to make the change to Euros. So, one night I went to sleep, with the equivalent of € 10,000 in EGP in my bank account, but the next morning the currency value was slashed in half, and so were my savings.”

Recalling this event, the sadness and anger Masud felt at that moment becomes evident. A lot of effort invested, lost in the blink of an eye. It is just heartbreaking. Despite how arduous that moment was, Masud found the strength to keep going from his family.

“My mom recommended me to focus on what I came here for, and not to worry about the money. She told me I will get the financial support I need to pursue my dream, even if that meant selling everything they own.” 

Similarly, Taslima, Miikka, Rohit, and Abdul also found in their families an invaluable support to keep pursuing their dreams. 

What doesn’t kill you makes you stronger

“Nobody can hurt me without my permission.” 

In such a short phrase, Mahatma Gandhi was able to summarise that whatever situation you are facing, it is your reaction to it what shapes it.

In the end, are not the circumstances, but our response to them what defines us? In the case of our interviewees, the challenges faced led them to unexpected situations.

Even though the negative response, Rohit decided to create alternative paths before applying again to the master’s program. 

“Despite the odds, I took it as an opportunity to put the theory of Self-Regulated learning in practice. I set a goal of completing my proposed research idea by collecting data through a pilot project. I intended to present it in an international conference during the early stage of my master’s program to collect feedback and to refine it.” 

However, his strong will was about to be tested again. 

“The year 2018 was not an easy one; my friends and family were sceptical and concerned seeing the effort I was putting in for attaining the goal in absence of any assurance of result. However, for me, there was an assurance: an assurance of learning.” 

Luckily, one year later, his efforts paid off when he was able to present his research in an international research conference.

But Rohit was not the only one who throve under hard circumstances. Similarly, Masud also found a reason to persist in difficult times.

“The challenge gave me the motivation to work harder so I would not disappoint anyone who supported me, and so all the troubles I went through wouldn’t be in vain. I was given an opportunity that millions around the world only dream of; I did not want it to waste it. I was determined to succeed.” 

The life-changing experience led Masud to devote himself to studies and his dedication was rewarded when he got two internships and the funding from the City of Oulu Internationalization Scholarship in 2017. 

As he explains with a big smile: “The experience brought out the best in me. I was able to achieve things I did not think I was capable of.” 

Taslima had to defer the beginning of her studies by one year. However, the waiting process helped her to realize that spending time with her parents is what she valued the most, especially now she is in Oulu. 

“I am really happy that I finally made it to Oulu. Compared to the first time, I value the opportunity more now. It also made me aware that situations may change and not take the expected course. But at the end of the day it also passes away, so I accept feeling sad or scared too. Every experience leaves a mark on us, and this experience made me mentally stronger.” Luckily, the conquered challenge brought wisdom and joy to her.

For Miikka, thinking about this experience made him thankful for the support he received from his family and friends. Especially from his wife, who always pushed him forward. 

Reflecting about his previous effort also helped him ponder about his future. 

“I think everything has a purpose and I have gained valuable working experience before my studies, and I can reflect on that. I also know what I do not want to do in the future professionally. My challenges also taught me how to overcome my past weaknesses and that I can demand a lot more from myself than what I had demanded before.”

***

It may be that we are at the beginning, the middle, or the end of the journey. Wherever we are, new challenges will always show up. For me, arriving in Oulu came also with new challenges to overcome, such as improving my communication and intercultural skills, learning how to deal with the local weather, and more currently: writing a thesis and dealing with the COVID-19 virus pandemic.

However, if you are facing an extremely discouraging moment, I hope you got as inspired as me when finding the wisdom in the stories above. So, rely on your beloved ones and find the strength to keep going forward. As Odin said in ancient Nordic mythology: “Strength and virtue must be challenged, or they will not grow.” 

After this time is gone, we will all be stronger.

Pablo Santur

Learning specialist in thesis writing mode. Former TV scriptwriter. Foodie. Anime lover. Twitter: @pablodsantur

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Early mornings and above average organisational skills – that is what it takes to combine university studies with a family life

Studying and raising a family at the same time can be challenging. We interviewed four students to better understand their experiences.

We know it, student life is tough. We might have an idea that family life is not extremely easy, either. What about combining the two? 

Well, the result is a mix of many things: trips to the daycare and to university, studying during breaks or while on the bus, and bracing yourself for “surviving the evenings”.

Ella, 25, from Oulu follows a five-year program in primary school teacher education. She hopes to graduate before Christmas this year. Besides her major, she is studying two long minor qualifications in biology and geography (60 ECTS each). Ella is the mother of an almost 6-year-old child.

David, from Ireland, started his studies at the University of Oulu in 2013. He graduated from the master’s program in Education and Globalisation (EdGlo) and started the Intercultural Teacher Education (ITE) program a short time later. He is also the father of a 5-year-old child. 

Ela B., 31, from Albania was studying her PhD in Business School when she became pregnant with her first child. Because her business studies involved lots of traveling, Ela B. decided to quit her PhD and apply for the ITE program, which she started in January 2017. Now, her first child is almost 4 years old and she has an 8-month-old baby. 

Michelle, 34, is from Aanaar (Inari), Finland. She is a mother of “two and a half children”. The oldest one is five-and-a-half, the second one four, and the third one is due in June. Michelle obtained a bachelor’s degree in Teacher Education, a master’s degree in Philosophy of Indigenous People, and is currently writing her PhD in Saami Culture and Education.

A day in the life of a parent

The day starts early for Ella. She wakes up at 7 am in order to take her daughter to the daycare by 8 am, so she can get to her courses starting at 8:15. Similarly, David and Michelle wake up early, put their children on the bike, ride to the daycare centres, and from there to the University.

Ela B. remembers her first spring of studies as getting up at 6:30 am – very quietly so she wouldn’t wake up her baby – placing the porridge, vitamin D drops, water cup and the bib on the kitchen table, checking the diaper bag, and putting everything on the stroller. 

“I was continuously worried and wondered if it is selfish of me to return to my studies so soon.”

After breastfeeding, Ela B. had to head for the University while her baby remained in the care of her partner.

“I was continuously worried and wondered if it is selfish of me to return to my studies so soon,” she says.

No earlier than at 3 pm in the afternoon, both Michelle and Ella return to daycare to pick-up their children.

“Me and my husband try to alternate between who has a shorter day and is picking up the kids. I am the one who more often picks them up,” says Michelle.

On the other hand, David and Ela B. occasionally have classes or exams scheduled until 6 pm. David finds this incredibly frustrating, as it means problems in arranging care for his kid and spending less time with his little one.

“I have to survive the evenings,” Michelle jokes. Similarly, Ella describes all the chores she has to do in the evening: prepare food, clean, take her child to different hobbies and clubs and find time to visit the gym herself.

“I might sometimes envy the students without children who, after a school day, get to go home and do whatever they want, while my time is spent running from one chore to the next. However, I wouldn’t change places for anything!” Ella admits.

Productivity taken to the next level

All four parents say that combining higher education studies with raising a child takes above average organisational skills.

“I try to write all my essays and reports while I am at the University. Fortunately, I only have a few courses at the moment, so it is possible. There is no way I could see myself managing if I had the same workload as the last couple of years. I take full advantage of the days when my kid is not with me to work, so we can spend as much time as possible when we are together,” David says.

“I think that the most difficult part of combining student life with family life is time management. I carefully plan what I am going to do and when everything has to be done.”

In Ella’s case, if there is still homework to do, she usually does it after her child goes to sleep. The other option is studying in a different room while her husband is playing with the little one. Both options are rather bad, since if she is doing her coursework in a different room, she gets interrupted often, and in the evenings she is already tired herself.

“I think that the most difficult part of combining student life with family life is time management. I carefully plan what I am going to do and when everything has to be done,” she says.

Michelle explains that she, as well, tries to work after nine in the evenings, when her kids are asleep. Sometimes, however, the evenings become chaotic and there is less and less time for working.

Ela B. remembers answering urgent emails or WhatsApp messages and updating her calendar while on the bus home during her first semester as an ITE student. 

Sick days add extra work

Michelle points out that it is particularly difficult to combine studies with parenting when the children fall sick. Her point of view is extremely popular amongst the other interviewees. 

“You are punished for your kid being sick. You get in trouble for missing the lectures. You are required to do extra assignments, which often mean double the workload than attending the actual lecture,” David says.

He adds that a student shouldn’t be expected to choose between family and school, “because there is only one winner”. 

Likewise, Ella explains that the attendance demands of the Faculty of Education (an 80 % or 90 % attendance on the courses is compulsory) can sometimes cause trouble. If her child is sick and she has to stay at home, Ella needs to do extra tasks to compensate for the missed lessons.

“A sick child is already consuming a lot of energy from the whole family. Adding extra tasks on top of that feels unfair.” 

Ella considers that the attendance policy should be changed. If one must be absent due to the child’s illnesses, the compensatory tasks should be skipped. She also considers the attendance policy useless at university level, because each student is responsible for their own learning process. As a result, there is no need to impose attendance requirements.

Financial difficulties hit families 

Compared with working parents, financial strain is one disadvantage studying parents face. From Ela B’s perspective, this is the biggest challenge, because the study benefits are lower than a salary.

“I have been dreaming of living close to a forest in either a row house or a detached house with a yard where the children could just go out, play, and wander safely in nature,” she says. 

David points out that from a financial perspective it is disadvantageous to stay in the University for a long time. That is why there should be more support and flexibility in completing the studies. During summer, students are expected to either work or study. Due to having shared custody, and his kid’s daycare being shut in July, David has few options for summer work. This leaves him with only the study option.

However, due to lack of summer courses conducted in English, David has to take random courses during summer, because there are no courses that would help him make progress in his studies. Still, he needs to study something to receive the student benefits.

Lack of safe space to play

Lack of child-friendly facilities and childcare personnel at the University is another challenge for the students with children. Lastu, the University’s daycare centre located on the Linnanmaa campus, is not really an option, since they offer only part-time childcare. Our interviewees think it would be better if they extended it to full time.

For David, a similar challenge arises because of the distance he has to bike every day. His home, the daycare, and the campus are located far away from each other.

Ela B. found it very easy to bring her children to lectures, groupwork meetings, or social gatherings. The reason being that all her study friends love children and know how to be around them. 

Despite having the same positive experience with teachers and peers, Michelle and David consider bringing their children to lectures not so easy in practice.

“At times, my own strength is being tested. My days are so full and my free time so limited.”

According to them, older children need more attention, disturb the class, or find it boring.

“Five-year-olds don’t sit on a chair for one hour and half,” says David. He and Ela B. think that the University is not a welcoming environment for kids. They say that a small place for children to play indoors, like the ones they have in the shopping centres, would be a good addition to the campus.

The burden of both family life and student life sometimes takes a toll on the mental health of parenting students.

“At times, my own strength is being tested. My days are so full and my free time so limited,” Ella admits.

For PhD students like Michelle, competition is very intense, and funding is secured by good and constant progress. That makes her wonder sometimes if she is doing “a good enough job”. 

Meanwhile, Ela B. feels that it is very difficult to leave her children and go to school when they beg her not to go.

David is annoyed by the University’s outdated perception of a student as being “straight out of high school, with a lot of parental and social support”. 

He underlines the fact that “one rule fits all” is not an inclusive way of designing studying guidelines and policies.

More flexibility needed

Michelle thinks that it would be nice to make it more visible and clearer that the University facilitates balance between working and family life. Ela B. would like to take part in more events organised for students with families. She already took part in the barbecuing event and enjoyed it. Although she couldn’t go to the family concert organized this spring in the University, she found it as a great idea.

From David’s perspective, some teachers don’t understand that there is a life outside school, and that students’ lives in general have changed. He adds that there should be more flexibility in completing studies and clearer guidelines.

Of course, there are positive aspects of combining studies with family life as well.

Michelle enjoys the flexibility offered by her PhD: “I can adapt my working time according to family life.”

“I owe it to my child that I am now doing something I am really passionate about and happy with,” Ela B. explains, because she made the decision of changing her career when she first became pregnant.

Moreover, Ela B. was reading every single book page and article on child development for her degree with immense interest, because she could see all those things on an everyday basis.

“Combining parenthood and teacher studies made me both a better parent and a better teacher.”

Right to rest?

Luckily, the University already had plans on creating childcare rooms on the Linnanmaa campus, which were supposed to be opened at the end of March. Due to the COVID-19 situation and the closing of the university’s premises, the childcare room is not yet in use. Unfortunately, there are no similar plans for the Kontinkangas campus, due to multiple challenges, like the lack of space.

The Student Union of University of Oulu’s (OYY) policy paper mentions flexible studies and a sufficient number of summer courses organised both in Finnish and English, so these are among the aims of OYY’s advocacy work.

On the other hand, all students in Finland are facing problems related to student benefits and holidays. According to Sanna Kangasniemi, the Student Union’s Social Affairs Specialist, last summer (2019) the National Union of University Students in Finland (SYL) made a statement with the headline “Why don’t students have a right to breaks and holifdays?” regarding the fact that students are the only group in Finland with no right to holidays and the related financial support.

“The students are subjected to strict criteria with regard to social assistance. To receive it, they must prove that no suitable summertime courses are available, that they have applied for work, and that all of the student loan to which they are entitled to have been used. In other words, students are required to use loans intended for subsistence while studying, in order to support themselves outside their periods of study”, Kangasniemi says.

In conclusion, the lives of students who are also parents pose both specific challenges and more general ones related to student life. And the solutions are not easy for either. 

But as Ella admitted “The best thing is that, when I return home, I find there the most beloved and important people in my life. That gives me power”.

Anca M. Catana

Education student, theater enthusiast, nature lover. Curious, spontaneous and ambitious, open for new challenges.

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Uniresta’s food truck service begins on 15 April – student meals-on-wheels has two different routes and operates five days a week

According to preliminary plans, the car will run a route through Linnanmaa – Syynimaa – Alppila – Toppila on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays, and another route of Kontinkangas – Peltola – Raksila – Tuira on Tuesdays and Thursdays.


In Finnish

A van delivering student meals from Uniresta will begin circling after the Easter holidays. The first day of service is Wednesday the 15th of April, the company tells on its website.

The Oulu Student Magazine wrote about the service plans in an article published on the 3rd of April. The reason behind the development of this new service is naturally the coronavirus situation: the restaurants operated by Uniresta, a company owned by the Student Union of the University of Oulu (OYY) and Oulun ylioppilasapu ry, are closed on both the Linnanmaa and Kontinkangas campuses, and only Vanilla, located in the centre of Oulu, remains open. Majority of the restaurants at the Linnanmaa campus are operated by Juvenes, and the company tells on their website that they have temporarily closed all their campus restaurants.

You can buy student-priced lunches (2.60 euro) from the Uniresta van by showing your valid student card. Unlike under normal circumstances, you can buy lunch for two days at the same time. You can also buy student-priced lunch for your friend, if they are unable to get food for themselves due to symptoms. When buying food for someone else, you need your friend’s valid student card as well. Only card payments are accepted. The non-student price for the lunch is 5.20 euro.

The exact delivery times will be updated on the website of Uniresta. According to preliminary plans, the van will run a route through Linnanmaa (the large parking space at the University) – Syynimaa – Alppila – Toppila on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays, and another route of Kontinkangas – Peltola – Raksila – Tuira on Tuesdays and Thursdays.

A similar student meal delivery service has been initiated at least in the cities Jyväskylä, Turku, and Helsinki. In Jyväskylä, Semma Delivery began their service on the 19th of March, in Turku, Unica’s food truck began circling on the 24th of March, and in Helsinki, UniCafe’s Foodvan began doing rounds of the campuses of Viikki and Kumpula on the 2nd of April.

Translation: Kalle Parviainen.

Anni Hyypiö

Oulun ylioppilaslehden entinen päätoimittaja. Twitter: @AnniHyypio

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Vulcanalia arrives to Teatria again – the party is being improved through feedback

The traditional opening party of the academic year Vulcanalia is being organised again in autumn 2020. The place is the same as last year, Club Teatria.

TEKSTI Petra Uusimaa

KUVAT Jenna Tajakka

Read this article in Finnish.

Even though last year’s Vulcanalia was advertised as the last event of that kind, the opening party will be arranged again this autumn. According to Student Union of the University of Oulu (OYY) Event Producer and Associations Specialist Katariina Sarja, the evening party will be organised again in Club Teatria. The party will take place on the 9th of September.

This year’s evening party is the 26th Vulcanalia. Last autumn’s party took place in Club Teatria and it was sold out. The performers were OYY’s choir Cassiopeia, Teekkaritorvet and rap-artist Pyhimys.

“Last year’s Vulcanalia was advertised with the thought that it would be the last of its’ kind,” Sarja says. Back then the idea was to organise the next opening party with the collaboration of OSAKO, The Student Union of Oulu University of Applied Sciences, that is moving to Linnanmaa’s campus this year.

The situation has changed from the last year and the evening parties will be organised separately. Sarja tells that OYY consulted with OSAKO but the workload of the moving year made it impossible to organise the evening party together.

Feedback taken into account

As with the last year’s party, Vulcanalia is arranged in Club Teatria.

“Teatria in Oulu is good location for indoor events. There is plenty of room for a lot of people and it’s also an excellent property for this sort of event,” summarises Sarja. 

According to her all the parts of Teatria work well; there are enough bathrooms, bars and large cloakrooms. 


Sarja says that she can’t confirm the price of the tickets yet, but continues that the planning process is well underway. She also wants to keep the performers a secret.

Sarja tells that they got all kinds of feedback from the last year’s event.

“We have been praised for how the Vulcanalia concept has been developed in recent years”, says Sarja. 

This year the constructive criticism has also been taken into account.

“The biggest change this year is that the party will continue longer in Teatria and there won’t be separate afterparty,” tells Sarja.

Therefore the afterparty won’t be organised in a club; the party will continue in Teatria. According to Sarja with this change it is made sure that everyone can party until the morning without standing in long waiting lines.

Vulcanalia has been arranged both indoors and outdoors. Before Club Teatria, the event took its’ place in Areena Oulu. First time the event was organised in 1995, front of Rauhala. After Rauhala it was moved to Kuusisaari and then to Möljä. 

Some of the former performers have been Anssi Kela, Musta Barbaari and Redrama.

You can look back to 2019 Vulcanalia through our photo gallery.

Petra Uusimaa

Tieteiden ja aatteiden historian maisteri, jonka mielestä mikään ei ole parempaa kuin kuppi tummapaahtoista kahvia ja hyvä kirja.

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The Swipe Journey – Can love be found on Tinder?

Tinder is a popular dating app used by millions of people worldwide. How do students in Oulu view the app? Have they found love?

What do you think about Tinder? Do you approach it as a dating facilitator or just as a convenient place to get to know new people? You may like, dislike or just be indifferent to it, but one or more of your friends might contribute to the over one billion swipes the app processes daily. Yep, a billion.

The nature of Tinder is simple. With only a picture and some basic info, you can create a profile. Then, based on your location you will see other users’ profiles and decide if you want to interact with them (swipe right) or not (swipe left). If two users like each other a match and the talk begins.

To know more about the experiences related to this app, we invited people to respond to a survey regarding Tinder. The thirteen responses from Master’s and Ph.D. students depict how the platform is perceived, used and sometimes avoided. Of course, their names have been changed to preserve their anonymity. You know, what happens on Tinder, stays on Tinder.

Opening Tinder

For its developers, Tinder is a social networking app for meeting people. However most users will mention that the main functions of Tinder are finding dates and sexual partners. 

The latter was the case for most of our interviewees before joining the app. At that point, the meaning of “I am on Tinder” to them meant “being single”, “looking around” or just “looking for sex”. 

This tension between points of view seems to be also in academia. Some researchers attribute the rise of apps like Tinder to their diffusion of casual sex. Others, however support that Tinder is more often used for entertainment purposes, locating casual sex being among the least common uses of Tinder.

In that regard, many of our interviewees mentioned using the app to get entertained. That was the case for Malena, post-doc student at the university.

“It used to be something I was doing to kill the time, almost the same as a game on the phone. But I also happened to check the profiles with some friends, a couple of times, just to laugh together.” 

For Beatrice, from Italy, it also began as a game, but later it became something else. “I started using the app just for fun. Me and my friends looked at profiles of people and judged them. That is how I met my actual boyfriend there.” 

Instead of entertainment, others found boredom on Tinder. At least that is Ramon’s perception.

“When people tell me they are on Tinder, I understand they are in the upcycle of loneliness and want to meet people… until they get tired of Tinder always being the same and get bored of it.”

What drives people to Tinder?

According to a study conducted in the Netherlands, people’s motivations to use Tinder can be classified in six categories. Beside the common ones (casual sex and love), the study also mentioned using Tinder to receive positive feedback about one’s appearance, thrill of excitement, ease of communication in online environments, and trendiness. 

When reviewing the motivations of our interviewees to start using the app, we found some similarities. For example, some were looking for a relationship (love), while others were exploring an interest in the same gender, or trying dating again after a break-up (sex / love). Others were curious due to friends’ suggestions to use the app (trendiness). Some started using it to develop flirtation skills or to overcome solitude (ease of communication).

In the case of Julieta, a Master student from Brazil, her response included not one but many of these categories. 

“Flirting in real life wasn’t really working, and I was much shier that I am now. So, it was an interesting way to flirt, have conversations and meet new guys. Also, everybody was already using it, so if I wasn’t there, I would be out of the system.”

A tainted reputation

If there is a wide variety of reasons to join the app, why is Tinder viewed as a hook-up platform? Beatrice offers an explanation after using the app for 5 years. 

“Because many people use Tinder just to find sex, people have a negative opinion of it. But I think that if used in the right way, it  can be a good tool to get to know, interact with and meet new people.”

Many of our interviewees seemed to feel the same way, because of the interesting people they met using the app. For instance Ramón, a Master student from Spain, had a surprising and unexpected encounter thanks to Tinder. He was in India when he matched with a model. 

“I ended up spending my last 3 days in Delhi with her. She took me to the most posh parties and afterwards slept in the slums of Delhi. We would have dated if I lived there, but we still talk.” 

Similarly, when asked about her craziest experience using Tinder, Adele, French exchange student, remembers her first encounter with a stranger. 

“I took the bus to his city, one hour away from mine, and he was supposed to take me back. I was there to meet him after almost one month of chatting. But I did not know him. I had no idea who I might run into. What if something did not go well? Luckily, he drove me home as planned. We kept seeing each other, and now he has been my boyfriend for almost 18 months.”

Despite the good experiences, there are also cases where users, especially women, suffered bad experiences. Angélica and Lyyti had negative experiences in their real-life encounters. After meeting a neighbor through Tinder, Angélica found out that he had a wife and a newborn child he had not told her about.

Lyyti faced a violent situation with a guy when she met him for the first time. “He tried to strangle me, I guess in a sexy, fun way? I did not find it sexy or fun. I never met him again.”

Gendered experiences

Even though many users considered no differences in the practices of men and women while using the app, it was intriguing that many female interviewees expressed they use  different strategies to avoid uncomfortable situations.

For example, identifying potential unwanted profiles (“there are weirdos everywhere, you need to learn how to identify them – and you gain experience with time – and how to avoid them”), elaborating a profile according to your interests (“I wrote a long description because I consider it important, especially when you are looking for something in particular. In my case avoid people who are only looking for one-night stands”), and have a protocol for the first dates (“to meet someone that doesn’t belong in your social network could be dangerous, so it is always an adventure. That’s why you should meet in a public place, never in your own house, or the other person’s house”).

None of the interviewed men mentioned any event related to violence or risk. Maybe the platform just replicates the behaviors of the offline world? Our interviewees mentioned behaviours associated with traditional gender roles. Some examples were passive-active roles (“women tend to be pickier because they are “chased”, and men have to do the chasing”), abusive behavior (“there was too much showing-off and pressure”), and plain machismo (“being a girl on Tinder is a lot worse than being a guy. Girls are quickly insulted and reduced to macho comments”).

According to Yan Asadchy, researcher of online dating culture, although some traditional roles are replicated within these platforms, there is an increasing demand in power for women. For example in India, the female audience is commonly facing straight-up and intolerable harassment, Asadchy says.

This motivated Tinder to implement a “My Move” feature that allows women to choose only they can start conversations after a match. This decision is highly coherent with the design of Bumble, the application that empowers women by putting them in a position where they can decide if they want to write their match or not.

On the contrary to heterosexual users, Fernando and Raija found that gay users may find the use of Tinder easier. For example, Raija found a more relaxed space to develop her curiosity. “I got interested in the same gender and found it very easy to use to Tinder: otherwise there’s a heteronormativity in society. We need to ask people who they’re interested in.”

Similarly, Fernando considered that “there might be roles that heterosexual users have using the app: who approaches whom first, who asks whom out first, and so on. This mirrors heteronormative social roles of men and women. Queer users, on the other hand, tend to disregard these roles.”

The core of Tinder

In an article of 2013, the columnist A. David claimed that Tinder does something “no previous app or dating site ever has before: it makes everyone feel okay about hooking up with near-strangers.”

Even though many interviewees met their long-term partners on Tinder, for Yan Asadchy the design of the Tinder’s interface might drive you away from achieving this goal. “Maybe they really want to find a long-term romantic relationship, but the design of Tinder invites you to behave in a different way.”

In a study about the swipe logic of Tinder, the authors defend that the almost exclusively image-based interactions, the scarce information, the binary response (like or not like), and the awareness of depending on the others according to your location, creates a tension between desire and anxiety.

One swipe after another, the selection can become addictive. In that cycle individuals are diluted, they become a part of the mass. Or as Lyyti says: “the massive ‘selection’ of people that Tinder brings to your fingertips might make other people seem more disposable.”

Dating always causes tension. While both agree to spend some time together, no one knows exactly what the other is expecting. So, the tension between expectations and possibilities of differences are constant. However, on Tinder that complexity is reduced to a simple swipe, a match and a few lines, before making potential contact. Maybe that explains some of our interviewee’s criticism of Tinder.

For instance, for Ramon the app  creates a superficial image of people. He thinks that “overused conversations become meaningless and fail to portrait either of the participants as a person”. On the other hand there is Irma: “communicating through the app made it easier for me to be indifferent towards others and not really care what they thought about me.”

Despite criticism of scholars or users, Tinder is here to stay. The more than 50 million users of the app prove that. So, next time someone brings Tinder up in a conversation, assume nothing and listen. Maybe you will find as many interesting stories as I found while writing this article.

Pablo Santur

Learning specialist in thesis writing mode. Former TV scriptwriter. Foodie. Anime lover. Twitter: @pablodsantur

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Passion for research – What it’s it like to study a PhD

Mathilde van der Berg arrived from the Netherlands in October 2018. After 16 months of exploring the process of reindeer domestication, she shares her experiences as a doctorate student.

TEKSTI Pablo Santur

KUVAT Pablo Santur

Mathilde van der Berg came to the University of Oulu to become a PhD student in archaeology in 2018.

When did you first want to become a PhD student?

I never wanted to. Actually I am still surprised I have become a PhD student.

But then there was this announcement of an open position going around in the zooarchaeology circles of the internet. It said something like: “we are looking for new methods and interpretations for approaching reindeer domestication”, and well, during my studies people already called me the ‘reindeer girl’ (laughs). So, all the pieces of my interests came together in this position and I applied.

What are your daily activities as a researcher?

That depends on the stage of my research. Last year I have measured a lot of bones for data collection.

I also went to the field with my project. We went to a reindeer farm and I interviewed several Sami reindeer herders.

I have given some lectures and have also been to conferences. Right now I am reading a lot of anthropological and historical literature about reindeer breeding, which I find super interesting. Some days are really mild, and others can be hectic.

Are there differences or similarities between a PhD and your previous studies?

The main difference is that I know where I am going now. I have some deadlines that I set together with my supervisor, and I am executing my research as planned.

There aren’t many courses that I am taking at the moment, compared to being a Bachelor or Master’s student.

During my degree years of studying archaeology in the Netherlands, the classes were really small and my classmates were my friends. Here you have to find friends yourself.

What I really like is that I now meet people that are interested in what I am doing, while in my Bachelor and my Master I felt that nobody really cared about  that. Similarities are that I am still reading a lot of literature, and hanging around bones a lot (laughs).

Is there any particular moment of your PhD that you feel proud of?

After I give a presentation at a conference or in a seminar, I feel relieved but also happy. Afterwards, people sometimes come to me and they can ask some very interesting questions or they tell me about their research and how it is related to mine. Since other people are interested in the same things, I feel that what I do is relevant.

What about challenges?

For me, I am a total insomniac. Some days, I can not be as productive as I would like to be, because I feel like a zombie. If you have sleeping problems your cognitive abilities actually go down quite a bit. This is the major challenge for me in my life and also for my research.

How about the funding?

Luckily my salary is paid from the Domestication on Action project led by Anna-Kaisa Salmi.

But I have heard about struggles with finding funding a lot. Actually some of my PhD friends have to look for funding themselves and they are really busy with this funding issue. A huge amount of their time goes into it rather than actually researching, and often they are very stressed about it.

How was the process of building up your research identity?

I think that process is still ongoing. Maybe the most important thing for me is deciding for myself what to consider for my research, though of course together with my supervisor. You can take several approaches to the same topic or issue, and when I’m defining my own path I feel independent. I also have to look into and decide which journals to publish in or conferences to attend.

Where do you see yourself after finishing your PhD?

I would really like to become a postdoctoral researcher in arctic anthropology or in reindeer domestication. But my deepest dream is actually to go on anthropological fieldwork.

I want to live with a reindeer herding Sami group or reindeer herders in Mongolia for a year, just to see how they live and think. Maybe I could compare their practices and write about it. In short, do anthropological fieldwork and connect it with the research I am doing now.

Pablo Santur

Learning specialist in thesis writing mode. Former TV scriptwriter. Foodie. Anime lover. Twitter: @pablodsantur

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